An optical fiber communication system mainly consists of the following parts as shown in Fig.1.
Figure 1. Optical fiber communication system
Encoder converts the analog information like voice, figures, objects etc into the binary data.
Transmitter contain two parts: drive circuit and light source. Drive circuit supplies the electric signals to the light source from the encoder in the required form. The light source converts the electrical signals into optical form.
It is an optical fiber which carries information in the form of optical signals over distances with the help of repeaters. With the help of specially made connector optical signals will be received by the receiver from the wave guide.
Receiver consistes of three parts: photo detector, amplifier and signal restorer. The photo detector converts the optical signal into the equivalent electric signals and supply them to amplifier. The amplifier amplifies the electric signals as they become weak during the long journey through the wave guide over long distance. The signal restorer deeps the electric signals in a sequential form and supplies to the decoder in the suitable way.
Decoder converts the electric signals into tha analog information.